Scientific Sessions

Magnetic materials play a pivotal role in modern technology, forming the backbone of data storage devices, sensors, and emerging quantum applications. These materials are characterized by their ability to produce and respond to magnetic fields, with properties largely determined by the spin and orbital motion of electrons. Depending on their magnetic ordering, they are classified as ferromagnetic, antiferromagnetic, ferrimagnetic, or paramagnetic. Ferromagnetic materials, such as iron, cobalt, and nickel, are extensively used in permanent magnets and recording media, while antiferromagnetic and ferrimagnetic materials find niche applications in advanced spintronic devices. The miniaturization of electronics has driven interest in nanostructured magnetic materials, which offer high magnetic anisotropy, tunable coercivity, and enhanced stability, enabling denser and faster memory storage. Magnetic thin films, multilayers, and nanowires are integral to the development of next-generation electronics due to their unique spin-dependent transport properties.

Spintronic technologies, short for spin-based electronics, exploit the intrinsic spin of electrons along with their charge to create devices with higher efficiency, speed, and data storage density than conventional semiconductor-based electronics. Unlike traditional electronics, which rely solely on electron charge, spintronics manipulates spin polarization and spin currents, enabling non-volatile memory, low-power logic devices, and highly sensitive magnetic sensors. Key advancements, such as giant magnetoresistance (GMR) and tunnel magnetoresistance (TMR), have already revolutionized hard disk drives and magnetic random-access memory (MRAM). Spin-transfer torque (STT) and spin orbit torque (SOT) mechanisms further enhance control over magnetic states, paving the way for ultrafast switching in memory elements. Moreover, emerging areas like antiferromagnetic spintronics, topological insulators, and two-dimensional magnetic materials hold promise for integrating quantum information processing with spin-based computing. As research progresses, magnetic materials and spintronic technologies are expected to converge with artificial intelligence, neuromorphic computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT), ushering in an era of ultra-low power, high-performance, and intelligent electronic systems.